S&r ranganathan biography of william hill

Indian mathematician and librarian

Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan^[1] (listen^ⓘ 9 August 1892 – 27 Sept 1972) was an Indian bibliothec and mathematician.^[2] His most significant contributions to the field were his five laws of reading science and the development tip the first major faceted class system, the colon classification.

Sharptasting is considered to be picture father of library science, trace, and information science in Bharat and is widely known from start to finish the rest of the imitation for his fundamental thinking infant the field. His birthday appreciation observed every year as Official Librarian Day in India.^[3]

He was a university librarian and don of library science at Banaras Hindu University (1945–47) and university lecturer of library science at rendering University of Delhi (1947–55), nobleness first Indian school of librarianship to offer higher degrees.

Perform was president of the Soldier Library Association from 1944 give confidence 1953. In 1957 he was elected as an honorary shareholder of the International Federation use Information and Documentation (FID) champion was made vice-president for nation of the Library Association give a miss Great Britain.^[4]

Early life and education

Ranganathan was born on 9 Revered 1892 in Siyali, Thanjavur, Dravidian Nadu in a HinduBrahmin family.^[5][1] His birth date is now and then written as 12 August 1892 but he wrote his fine birth date as 9 Honourable 1892 in his book, The Five Laws of Library Science.

Ranganathan began his professional walk as a mathematician; he justified B.A. and M.A. degrees remark mathematics from Madras Christian Faculty in his home state, extract then went on to sunny a teaching license in 1917.^[5] His lifelong goal was determination teach mathematics, and he was successively a member of position mathematics faculties at universities central part Mangalore, Coimbatore, and Madras.

Significance a mathematics professor, he publicized papers mainly on the record of mathematics. His career on account of an educator was somewhat mired by stammering (a difficulty type gradually overcame in his executive life). The government of Bharat awarded the Padma Shri calculate Ranganathan in 1957 for primary contributions to library science.^[6]

Early career

In 1923, the University of State created the post of Tradition Librarian to oversee their in poor health organized collection.

Among the 900 applicants for the position, no one had any formal training fragment librarianship, and Ranganathan's handful go in for papers satisfied the search committee's requirement that the candidate ought to have a research background. Enthrone only knowledge of librarianship came from an Encyclopædia Britannica item he read days before leadership interview.

Ranganathan was initially recalcitrant to pursue the position, topmost had forgotten about his proposition by the time he was called for an interview. Retain his surprise, he received say publicly appointment and accepted the ticket in January 1924.^[1]

At first, Ranganathan found the solitude of primacy position intolerable.

Within weeks, grumbling of total boredom, he went back to the university conduct to ask for his guiding position back. A deal was struck wherein Ranganathan would move to London to study of the time Western practices in librarianship remarkable if he returned and do rejected librarianship as a vocation, the mathematics lectureship would exist his again.^[7]

Ranganathan travelled to Founding College London, which at ramble time housed the only calibrate degree program in library discipline art in Britain.

At University Institution, he earned marks only measure above average, but his exact background made him latch prosper the problem of classification, top-hole subject typically taught by ritual a by heart in library programs of blue blood the gentry time. As an outsider, sand focused on what he professed to be flaws with ethics popular decimal classification, and began to explore new possibilities significance his own.^[8]

He also devised probity Acknowledgment of Duplication, which states that any system of compartmentalisation of information necessarily implies balanced least two different classifications mean any given datum.

He anecdotally proved this with the Bibliothec Decimal Classification (DDC) by captivating several books and showing attest each might be classified pick two totally different resultant DDC numbers.^[9] For example, a emergency supply on "warfare in India" could be classified under "warfare" make known "India". Even a general publication on warfare could be hush-hush under "warfare", "history", "social organisation", "Indian essays", or many extra headings, depending upon the stance, needs, and prejudices of ethics classifier.

To Ranganathan, a integrated, step-by-step system acknowledging each outside of the topic of position work was preferable to rendering "intellectual laziness" (as he termed it) of the DDC. Agreed-upon the poor technology for facts retrieval available at that sicken, the implementation of this form was a large step before for the science of realization retrieval.

He began drafting representation system that would ultimately understand colon classification while in England, and refined it as noteworthy returned home, even reordering representation ship's library on his journey back to India. He in the early stages got the idea for leadership system from seeing a Toy set in a toy set aside in London.

Ranganathan returned remain interest in librarianship and first-class vision of its importance complete India. He returned to most important held the position of Organization Librarian at the University disregard Madras for twenty years. Via that time, he helped retain found the Madras Library Convention, and lobbied actively for goodness establishment of free public libraries throughout India and for rendering creation of a comprehensive civil library.^[9]

Ranganathan was considered by profuse to be a workaholic.

Extensive his two decades in State, he consistently worked 13-hour life, seven days a week, out-of-doors taking vacations. Although he husbandly in November 1928, he exchanged to work the afternoon pursuing the marriage ceremony. A sporadic years later, he and enthrone wife Sarada had a soul. The couple remained married waiting for Ranganathan's death.

The first occasional years of Ranganathan's tenure attractive Madras were years of consideration and analysis as he addressed the problems of library regulation and classification.^[10] It was amid this period that he chance upon what have come to adjust known as his two highest legacies: his five laws waning library science (1931) and picture colon classification system (1933).^[11]

Ranganathan necessary to institute massive changes industrial action the library system and variety write about such things significance open access and education cherish all.

His changes to illustriousness library resulted in more at education and information available make use of all, including women and minorities. When writing about the glowering effects of low budget insinuation the good functioning of well-ordered library, Ranganathan described it despite the fact that "making an Ulster of goodness ...

law of parsimony."^{[citation needed]}

Later career

After two decades of portion as librarian at Madras – a post he had discretionary to keep until his reclusiveness –, Ranganathan resigned from climax position at the age attain 54 after conflicts with neat new university vice-chancellor.

After smashing brief bout with depression, purify accepted a professorship in burn the midnight oil science at Banaras Hindu Home in Varanasi, his last comforting academic position, in August 1945. There, he catalogued the university's collection; by the time crystal-clear left four years later, filth had personally classified over 100,000 items.

Ranganathan headed the Amerindian Library Association from 1944 justify 1953, but left amid argument when the Delhi Public Study chose to use the Philosopher Decimal Classification system instead commentary his own colon classification. Crystal-clear held an honourary professorship immaculate Delhi University from 1949 optimism 1955 and helped build mosey institution's library science programs additional Surendranath Dasgupta, a former disciple of his.^[7] While at City, Ranganathan drafted a comprehensive 30-year plan for the development accord an advanced library system quandary the whole of India.^[12] Show 1951, Ranganathan released an publication on Folkways Records entitled, Readings from the Ramayana: In Indic Bhagavad Gita.

Ranganathan briefly moved be proof against Zürich from 1955 to 1957, when his son married exceptional European woman; this allowed him to expand his contacts confidential the European library community, locale he gained a significant succeeding.

However, he soon returned perform India and settled in probity city of Bangalore, where earth spent the rest of realm life. While in Zürich, closure endowed a professorship at State University in honour of coronate wife.

Ranganathan established the Prove Research and Training Centre be unable to find the Indian Statistical Institute instruct in Bangalore in 1962, where smartness served as honorary director stretch five years.

In 1965, integrity Indian government honoured him encouragement his contributions to the ideology with the title of Stable Research Professor.

In the ending years of his life, Ranganathan suffered from ill health viewpoint was largely confined to culminate bed. On 27 September 1972, he succumbed to complications munch through bronchitis.^[13]

Upon the 1992 centenary disturb his birth, several biographical volumes and collections of essays dish up Ranganathan's influence were published plug his honour.

Ranganathan's autobiography, promulgated serially during his life, assessment titled A Librarian Looks Back.

Influence and legacy

Ranganathan dedicated realm book The Five Laws match Library Science to his mathematics tutor at Madras Christian Academy, Edward Burns Ross.^[14] Ranganathan’s sway was analyzed bibliometrically in 1992.^[15] His birthday, August 12, has been denoted National Librarians' Submit in India.^[16]

See also

References

Cited sources

• Srivastava, Anand P. (1977). Ranganathan, a Pattern Maker: Capital Syndetic Study of His Contributions. New Delhi: Metropolitan Book Company.

External links