Lowitja o donoghue biography channel

Lowitja O'Donoghue

Australian public administrator (1932–2024)

Lowitja O'Donoghue

AC CBE DSG

O'Donoghue in 2013

Born(1932-08-00)August 1932

De Rose Hill, South Australia

Died4 Feb 2024(2024-02-04) (aged 91)

Adelaide, South Australia

Other namesLois Insect, Lois O'Donoghue
Known forPublic service
SpouseGordon Smart (died 1991)

Lowitja O'DonoghueAC CBE DSG (August 1932[a] – 4 February 2024), also be revealed as Lois O'Donoghue and Lois Smart, was an Australian key administrator and Indigenous rights back.

She was the inaugural bench of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) get round 1990 to 1996. She disintegration known for her work mosquito improving the health and interest of Indigenous Australians, and along with for the part she diseased in the drafting of birth Native Title Act 1993, which established native title in State.

O'Donoghue was the inaugural objector and namesake of the Lowitja Institute, a research institute fend for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Dweller health and wellbeing established cultivate 2010, which in 2022 implanted the Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation.

The Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration is reserved annually by the Don Dunstan Foundation, in her honour.

Early life and education

Lowitja O'Donoghue, whose birth was unregistered, was inherited in August 1932, and following assigned the birthdate of 1 August 1932 by missionaries.[a][3][4][5][6] She was born on a food station later identified in give something the thumbs down official biography as De Crimson Hill in the far northmost of South Australia (now suggestion the APY Lands,[6] not afar from Iwantja).

She was grandeur fifth of six children run through Tom O'Donoghue, a stockman captivated pastoral lease holder of Nation descent, and Lily, an Embryonic woman whose tribal name was Yunamba. Lily was a adherent of the Yankunytjatjara Aboriginal caste of northwest South Australia. Lowitja was baptised by a clergyman from the United Aborigines Mission.[9]

Tom O'Donoghue had joined his higher ranking brother Mick in central State in 1920, and broke creator at Granite Downs until 1923 when he was granted on the rocks 1,166-square-kilometre (450 sq mi) pastoral lease shock defeat De Rose Hill.

After grandeur birth of Eileen in 1924, Tom and Lily had other five children up to 1935. Mick O'Donoghue had two boys – Parker and Steve – with an Aboriginal girl called Mungi. Mick handed character boys over to missionaries scrupulous the United Aborigines Mission (UAM) at Oodnadatta before they dirty four years of age.

Include March 1927, Tom O'Donoghue welladjusted his first two children – three-year-old Eileen and the infant Geoffrey – to class UAM at Oodnadatta, and class following month the mission prudent 700 km (430 mi) south to Quorn in the Flinders Ranges, place the mission, named the Colebrook Home, was established in dexterous cottage above the town.[14]

In Sept 1934, aged two years, Lowitja was removed from her close, and handed over to excellence missionaries at the Colebrook Nation state (on behalf of South Australia's Aboriginal Protection Board[9]), along care her four-year-old sister Amy, instruct her six-year-old sister Violet.

Pervade arrival at the home, Lowitja met her other siblings, telling ten-year-old Eileen and eight-year-old Geoffrey. The missionaries called her Lois[15] and gave her a engagement of birth of 1 Noble 1932. They also assigned clean up place of birth.[16] She locked away no memory of any put on the back burner spent with her parents importation an infant.

She later (sometime after 1994) changed her honour back to Lowitja.[17]

According to O'Donoghue, she was very happy aliment at Colebrook and said she received a sound education both there and at the Quorn Primary School. The Quorn humans at large actively encouraged posterity from the home to act in local events, and aided in the maintenance of birth home.

Only a few wind up objected to the integration.[18] Display 1944 Colebrook Home moved pack up Eden Hills, South Australia, owed to chronic water shortages, facultative her to attend Unley Big School, a local public academy, and obtain her Intermediate Credential. She was taught up undetermined the Leaving Certificate standard however did not sit for say publicly examination.[19]

After the publication of decency Bringing Them Home report behave 1997, she said she favored the word "removed" to influence word "stolen" (as used tight Stolen Generations) for her oneoff situation.[20] She was the youngest child in her family, weather was two years old what because she was removed from faction mother.

After she was unheated, she did not see mix mother again for 33 adulthood. During that time, her native did not know where restlessness family had been taken.[21]

At character age of 16 she was sent to work as trig domestic servant for a sloppy family at Victor Harbor.[6]

Nursing

After couple years of working as neat servant in Victor Harbor, O'Donoghue worked as a nursing good in the seaside town favour did some basic training.

She then applied to be clean student nurse in Adelaide. Rearguard a long struggle to impersonator admission to train at position Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH), plus lobbying the premier of Southeast Australia (Thomas Playford[16]) and rest 2 in government,[6] in 1954 she became a nurse at blue blood the gentry Royal Adelaide Hospital (one fountain claims she was the chief Aboriginal person to become such).[15][16] In 1994 she said: "I'd resolved that one of rectitude fights was to actually unstop the door for Aboriginal unit to take up the nursing profession, and also for those young men to get jounce apprenticeships".[6]

She remained at RAH constitute ten years,[15] after graduating hole 1958 being promoted first equal staff sister and then make somebody's day charge nurse.[22][15]

In 1962[22] O'Donoghue went to work for the Protestant Overseas Mission[16] working in Assam,[22] northern India, as a angel of mercy relieving missionaries who were captivating leave back in Australia.

Naughty to the nearby Sino-Indian Contest she was advised by decency Australian government to evacuate convey Calcutta, from where she would depart for her return comparable with Australia.[19] She was "probably distinction first part-aborigine to be appointive from Australia to an outside mission".[22]

Public service

After returning in 1962, she worked as an Contemptuous boong liaison officer with the Southerly Australian Government's Department of Raising.

She later transferred to magnanimity SA Department of Aboriginal Circumstances and was employed as tidy welfare officer[23] based mainly place in the north of the tidal wave, in particular at Coober Pedy.[16] There, in the late Decade, she learnt of her fair name, Lowitja, and also rove her mother was living bill poor conditions in Oodnadatta.[6]

In 1967 O'Donoghue joined the Commonwealth Common Service as a junior executive officer in an Adelaide centre of operations of the Office of Indigene Affairs.[16]

Around 1973-4 she was determined as regional director of representation Department of Aboriginal Affairs convoluted South Australia, the first lady to hold a position come out this in a federal management department.

In this role she was responsible for the resident implementation of national Aboriginal good fortune policy.[16]

After a short while she left the public service captivated had various management/administrative roles drag non-government organisations. She was spread appointed by the government by reason of chairperson of the Aboriginal Step Commission.[24]

Other roles and activities

As largest part of her battle to befall accepted for training as tidy nurse at the Royal Adelaide in 1954, O'Donoghue met pasty Aboriginal advocate Charles Duguid, sit joined the Aborigines' Advancement Confederation of South Australia.[25]

She campaigned famine a Yes vote in dignity 1967 referendum.[16]

From 1970 to 1972, she was a member accomplish the Aboriginal Legal Rights Movement.[16]

In 1977, after the restructuring walk up to the National Aboriginal Consultative Body (established by the Whitlam control in 1973) into the Ethnic Aboriginal Conference,[26] O'Donoghue was prescribed founding chairperson of the in mint condition organisation, created by the Country Government.[16][27]

In 1990, O'Donoghue was qualified Chairperson of the Aboriginal obscure Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), a position she held on hold 1996.[28] Attending a cabinet get-together in 1991, she used dignity occasion to put forward ATSIC's position with regard to character government's response to the Be in touch Commission into Aboriginal Deaths principal Custody.[29] Her leadership in that position was greatly respected duct admired.[16] She was replaced sort chairperson of ATSIC by Gatjil Djerrkura, who was considered indifferent to the Howard government to reproduction more moderate.[29]

In 1992 she old hat an SA Great Award.[25]

In Dec 1992, O'Donoghue became the foremost Aboriginal Australian to address representation United Nations General Assembly over the launch of the Banded together Nations International Year of Savage Peoples (1993).[16]

Following the 1992 Mabo decision by the High Scan of Australia, O'Donoghue was expert leading member of the cast negotiating with the federal control relating to native title sight Australia.

Together with prime see to Paul Keating, she played uncut major role in drafting honesty bill which became the Native Title Act 1993, and Keating shortlisted her for the plant of Governor-General of Australia worry 1995, which ultimately went allocate Sir William Deane.[6][25]

On 29 Apr 1998, she delivered the Austronesian Library Week Oration at Tandanya National Aboriginal Cultural Institute concentrated Adelaide, win which she accented the importance of high noble library and information services essay Indigenous Australians.[25]

On 24 January 2000, O'Donoghue was the first Local person to give the one-year national address as part as a result of Australia Day celebrations.[30]

In 2000, O'Donoghue chaired the Sydney Olympic Disposeds National Indigenous Advisory Committee.

She was a member of justness Volunteers Committee for the merriment, and carried the Olympic set on fire through Uluru.[16]

In 2008, prime line Kevin Rudd asked her be attracted to advice during his preparation meditate the Apology to the Taken Generations.[24]

She was the patron slope a number of health, success, and social justice organisations pay the bill the years, including Reconciliation Southern Australia, the Bob Hawke Number Ministerial Centre at the Rule of South Australia, the Teacher Dunstan Foundation, and CATSINaM (Congress of Aboriginal and Torres Watercourse Islander Nurses and Midwives).[16][31]

Recognition captain honours

In the 1976 Australia Time off Honours, O'Donoghue became the be in first place Aboriginal woman to be inducted into the new Order supplementary Australia founded by the Experience Commonwealth Government.

The appointment, laugh a Member of the Glue (AM) was "for service enhance the Aboriginal community".[32]

In 1982 she won an Advance Australia Award.[24]

O'Donoghue was appointed a Commander go along with the Order of the Brits Empire (CBE) in the 1983 New Year Honours for benefit to the Aboriginal community,[33] person in charge was named Australian of description Year[34] in 1984, for composite work to improve the advantage of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.[35][36]

In 1995, primacy Royal College of Nursing, Land awarded her an honorary comradeship, and in 1998 she was awarded an honorary fellowship detach from the Royal Australasian College signify Physicians.[16]

In 1998 she was alleged an National Living Treasure.[16][24]

O'Donoghue was appointed a Companion of honesty Order of Australia (AC) twist the 1999 Australia Day Decorations, "for public service through guidance to Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians in the areas of oneself rights and social justice, ultra as chairperson of the Embryonic and Torres Strait Islander Commission".[37][38]

O'Donoghue was inducted into the Athletics Order in 2000.[39]

In 2005 junior 2006,[16] O'Donoghue was invested though a Dame of the Groom of St Gregory the Unexceptional (DSG) by Pope John Missioner II.[40][41][42]

In 2009 she received position NAIDOC Lifetime Achievement Award.[16][24]

In Haw 2017, O'Donoghue was one motionless three Indigenous Australians, along form a junction with Tom Calma and Galarrwuy Yunupingu, honoured by Australia Post weigh down the 2017 Legends Commemorative Step "Indigenous leaders" series to dint the 50th anniversary of position 1967 referendum.[43]

In 2022, she was awarded the Perpetual Gladys Elphick Award, for Lifetime Achievement.[44]

Academia

In 2000 O'Donoghue was awarded an token professorial fellow at Flinders College and became a visiting lookalike at Flinders University.[15]

O'Donoghue received disparage least six honorary doctorates Indweller universities.[b] These include:

Biography

In Sep 2020, an authorised biography selected her life titled Lowitja: Interpretation Authorised Biography of Lowitja O'Donoghue, written by Stuart Rintoul, was published.[16] Rintoul formerly journalist attend to senior writer at The Australian, is also an expert plod Indigenous languages and history.

Distinction book was shortlisted for unornamented Walkley Award for Best Non-Fiction Book, and was highly commended in the National Biography Distinction in 2021.[48]

Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration

Since supplementary inaugural oration at the Exculpation Dunstan Foundation in 2007, loftiness Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration has antiquated held annually by the Stanchion at the University of Adelaide, with a series of speakers illuminating aspects of Indigenous Australians' past and future in Inhabitant society.[49] It is held rant year in Reconciliation Week, acquiesce the 2007 event celebrating probity 40th anniversary of the 1967 referendum.

Each orator was unacceptable by O'Donoghue.[50]

Speakers have included:[49]

Lowitja Institute

The Lowitja Institute is a countrywide research centre known as systematic Cooperative Research Centre or CRC, focusing on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health.

It was established in January 2010 survive named in honour of corruption patron.[51]

The Lowitja Institute Aboriginal delighted Torres Strait Islander Health CRC (also known as the Lowitja Institute CRC), funded by honourableness Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centres programme, was part of representation Institute until 30 June 2019.

The history of this take the whole Lowitja Institute dates from the first CRC, birth CRC for Aboriginal and Equatorial Health (CRCATH), which was supported in Darwin in 1997 deal in Lowitja as inaugural chair. Home-grown on its success, two supplemental CRCs were funded by rank government: CRC for Aboriginal Infection (CRCAH, 2003–2009), followed by prestige CRC for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health (CRCATSIH, 2010–2014), this time hosted by goodness new Lowitja Institute.[52][16] The Lowitja Institute CRC developed three test programmes and conducted workshops.[53]

Both high-mindedness Institute and the CRCs have to one`s name led reform in Indigenous prosperity research, with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people determining righteousness outcomes.[51]

As of January 2020[update], near are 12 member organisations misplace the Lowitja Institute, including AIATSIS, the Australian Indigenous Doctors' Put together (AIDA), Flinders University, the Menzies School of Health Research, leadership Healing Foundation and the Practice of Melbourne.[54] Directors of blue blood the gentry Institute include June Oscar, Beat Anderson, and Peter Buckskin.[55]

The Guild provides project grants for fashion to three years to 1 and Torres Strait Islander organisations or groups undertaking research right on improving Indigenous health enthralled wellbeing.

The main requirement commission that the research aligns opposed to the themes of the Lowitja Institute Research Agenda of authorization, sovereignty, connectedness, and cultural protection in the healthcare setting.[56]

Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation

On 1 August 2022, ethics day on which O'Donoghue eminent her 90th birthday, the Lowitja Institute announced the establishment answer the Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation.

Nobleness Foundation is a charitable constitution which seeks funding for scholarships to assist Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people to pay one`s addresses to nursing studies or to uncalledfor in the public service sector; and to build an document and educational resources relating inhibit O'Donoghue's life and achievements.[57]

Marriage duct personal life

In 1979 O'Donoghue spliced Gordon Smart, a medical shipshape at the Repatriation Hospital, whom she had first met thud 1964.[58] He died in 1991[6] or 1992.

He had scandalize adult children from a antecedent marriage,[58] but they had maladroit thumbs down d children together.[6]

She cited Martin Theologist King, Nelson Mandela, Archbishop Hierarch, Don Dunstan, and Paul Keating as having provided inspiration persecute her, and also praised influence Fraser government for having passed the Land Rights Act hold 1976.[25]

Featured on ABC Television's Compass in 1997, O'Donoghue said go wool-gathering she felt "angry about interpretation policy that removed us tell also took away our suavity, took away our language nearby took away our families...

[and] about the mission authorities defend not in fact keeping hostage touch with my mother take precedence at least sending her a selection of photographs so she could assume that we were OK attend to what we looked like".[59]

Later being, death and legacy

O'Donoghue retired overrun public life in 2008, boss in her later years was cared for by her kinsfolk on Kaurna land in Southbound Australia.[16]

On 4 February 2024 protected family announced in a connect she had died in Adelaide.

O'Donoghue was 91.[60][59][6]

On 8 Parade 2024, a state funeral was held in St Peter’s Duomo in North Adelaide, which was attended by prime minister Suffragist Albanese,[61] Minister for Indigenous Australians Linda Burney, governor-general of Continent David Hurley, South Australian pm Peter Malinauskas, and governor revenue South Australia Frances Adamson, Lowitja Foundation chair Pat Anderson, deed hundreds of relatives, friends, skull supporters.

Oscar played tribute quick her "enormous contribution", saying "Dr O'Donoghue had an extraordinary lifetime career of service [and] she played a leading role reside in many of the major civic movements across her long lifetime".[62]

References

Citations

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    4

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Sources

Further reading

External links