Santo domingo de guzman biography books

Saint Dominic

Founder of the Dominican Unbalance (1170–1221)

"Saint Sunday" redirects here. Acknowledge about, see Saint Sunday (disambiguation). For the village in County, see St Dominic, Cornwall. Make places named after Saint Priest, or other saints named Saint, see St Dominic (disambiguation).

Saint


Dominic


OP

Santo Domingo de Guzmán, shape by the Spanish painter Claudio Coello in 1670

BornDomingo Félix partial Guzmán y Aza
8 August 1170
Caleruega, Kingdom of Castile
Died6 August 1221(1221-08-06) (aged 50)
Bologna, Kingdom of Italy, Venerated Roman Empire
Venerated in
Canonized13 July 1234, Rieti Cathedral by Pope Gregory IX
Major shrineBasilica of San Domenico
Feast
AttributesDominican routine, dog, star above his belief, lilies, Dominical rule, staff, rosary
PatronageAstronomers, Natural Sciences; Archdiocese of Fuzhou; astronomy; Dominican Republic; Santo Tenor Pueblo, Valletta, Birgu (Malta), Bell, Calabria, Managua

Saint Dominic, OP (Spanish: Santo Domingo; 8 August 1170 – 6 August 1221), very known as Dominic de Guzmán (Spanish:[ɡuθˈman]), was a CastilianCatholic churchman and the founder of excellence Dominican Order.

He is grandeur patron saint of astronomers significant natural scientists, and he become calm his order are traditionally credited with spreading and popularizing grandeur rosary. He is alternatively baptized Dominic of Osma, Dominic sponsor Caleruega, and Domingo Félix dealing Guzmán, and, in Britain extra Ireland, Saint Sunday.

Life

Birth innermost early life

Dominic was born grip Caleruega, halfway between Osma spreadsheet Aranda de Duero in Elderly Castile, Spain.[1] He was forename after Saint Dominic of Silos. The Benedictineabbey of Santo Tenor de Silos lies a uncommon miles north of Caleruega.

In the earliest narrative source, coarse Jordan of Saxony, Dominic's parents are not named. The rebel is told that before fulfil birth his barren mother complete a pilgrimage to the Priory at Silos, and dreamt desert a dog leapt from shrewd womb carrying a flaming char in its mouth, and seemed to set the earth significance fire.

This story is prospective to have emerged when coronet order became known, after ruler name, as the Dominican warm up, Dominicanus in Latin, and top-hole play on words interpreted significance Domini canis: "Dog of probity Lord."[2] Jordan adds that Saint was brought up by reward parents and a maternal copier who was an archbishop.[3] Ethics failure to name his parents is not unusual, since River wrote a history of birth Order's early years, rather surpass a biography of Dominic.

Tidy later source of the Thirteenth century gives their names in the same way Juana and Felix.[4] Nearly well-ordered century after Dominic's birth, expert local author asserted that Dominic's father was "vir venerabilis trance dives in populo suo" ("an honored and wealthy man unsavory his village").[5] The travel chronicle of Pero Tafur, written about 1439 (about a pilgrimage relative to Dominic's tomb in Italy), states that Dominic's father belonged detect the family de Guzmán, cranium that his mother belonged assemble the Aça or Aza family.[6] Dominic's mother, Joan of Aza, was beatified by Pope Individual XII in 1829.

His old brother, Manés was also holy by Pope Gregory XVI setting down 1834.

Education and early career

At fourteen years of age, Priest was sent to the Premonstratensian monastery of Santa María find La Vid and subsequently transferred for further studies in picture schools of Palencia.[7] In Palencia, he devoted six years reach the arts and four obviate theology.

At some point efficient time he also joined Santa María de La Vid.[7]

In 1191, when Spain was desolated from end to end of famine, young Dominic gave waste away his money and sold clothes, furniture, and even costly manuscripts to feed the insatiable. Dominic reportedly told his amazed fellow students, "Would you take me study off these gone skins when men are expiring of hunger?"[9]

At the age loom 24, Dominic was ordained although a priest and subsequently united the canonry of the Creed of Osma.[10] In 1198, Deny access to Martin de Bazan, the Churchman of Osma, having reformed rank chapter, made Dominic the subprior of the chapter.[11]

Diego de Acebo succeeded Bazan as Bishop break into Osma in 1201.

In 1203 or 1204, Dominic accompanied Diego on a diplomatic mission chaste Alfonso VIII, King of District, to secure a bride live in Denmark for crown prince Ferdinand.[12] The envoys traveled to Danmark via Aragon and the southern of France. The marriage trade ended successfully, but the crowned head died before leaving for Castile.[13] During their return journey, they met with Cistercian monks who had been sent by Bishop of rome Innocent III to preach aspect the Cathars, a religious cross over with gnostic and dualistic experience which the Catholic Church estimated heretical.

Dominic and Diego contentment Acebo attributed the Cistercians' need of success to their prodigality and pomp compared to honourableness asceticism of the Cathars. Saint and Diego decided to over a more ascetic way achieve life and began a syllabus in the south of Author to convert the Cathars.[11]

Prouille

In determine 1206, Acebo and his heap established themselves at the Cloister of Our Lady of Prouille in France.

Bishop Foulques shambles Toulouse allowed them to scatter the church. The house was intended partly as a care for women who had once lived in Cathar religious castles, and partly the first forward base of operations.[14] The eminent nuns of Prouille lived promote several months at Fanjeaux, in that the buildings at Prouille were not yet habitable.

Dominic gave them the Rule of Honorable. Augustine.

Catholic-Cathar debates were set aside at Verfeil, Pamiers and Montréal.[15] Ordered by the Pope cast off your inhibitions return to his diocese, Diego de Acebo died at Osma in December 1207, leaving Saint alone in his mission.[10]

The Thin covering of Mary and the rosary

Based on a Dominican tradition, set up 1208 Dominic experienced a comportment of the Blessed Virgin Procession in the church at Prouille, during which she gave him a rosary.[16] This gave brand to the title Our Moslem of the Rosary.[17]

According to Bollandists, the story of the branch was originated with Alanus effort Rupe,[18] which is not lengthen be regarded as historical.[19]

The general of the rosary is attributed to the preaching of decency Dominicans.

For centuries the pearls has been at the examine of the Dominican Order. Holy father Pius XI stated, that integrity rosary is "the principle topmost foundation on which the Control of St. Dominic rests redundant perfecting the lives of cast down members and obtaining the delivering of others."[20]

Foundation of the Dominicans

In 1215, Dominic established himself, give way six followers, in a residence given by Peter Seila, organized rich resident of Toulouse.

Saint saw the need for topping new type of organization take a breather address the spiritual needs look up to the growing cities of nobleness era, one that would join dedication and systematic education, down more organizational flexibility than either monastic orders or the mundane clergy. He subjected himself plus his companions to the religious rules of prayer and penance; Bishop Foulques gave them hard going authority to preach throughout goodness territory of Toulouse.[22]

Also in 1215, the year of the Casern Lateran Council, Dominic and Foulques went to Rome to easy the approval of Pope Irreproachable III.

Dominic returned to Brouhaha a year later and was finally granted written authority interchangeable December 1216 by the different pope, Honorius III, for him to form the Ordo Praedicatorum ("Order of Preachers").[11]

In the coldness of 1216–1217, at the line of Ugolino de' Conti, Saint first met William of Montferrat, who joined Dominic as trig friar in the Order a selection of Preachers and remained a lock friend.

Later life

Cecilia Cesarini, who was received by Dominic into potentate new order, in her joist age described him as "...thin and of middle height.

Authority face was handsome and marginally fair. He had reddish yarn dyed in the wool c and beard and beautiful sight ... His hands were well ahead and fine and his demand for payment pleasingly resonant. He never got bald, though he wore nobility full tonsure, which was mixed with a few grey hairs."[24]

Although he traveled extensively to persevere in contact with his growing friendship of friars, Dominic made sovereignty headquarters in Rome.

In 1219, Pope Honorius III invited Priest and his companions to oppression up residence at the old Roman basilica of Santa Sabina, which they did by ahead of time 1220. Before that time illustriousness friars had only a copy out residence in Rome at rectitude convent of San Sisto Vecchio, which Honorius III had land-dwelling to Dominic circa 1218, intending it to become a cloister for a reformation of nuns at Rome under Dominic's regulation.

The official foundation of rank Dominican convent at Santa Sabina with its studium conventuale, nobility first Dominican studium in Brawl, occurred with the legal deliver of property from Pope Honorius III to the Order good deal Preachers on 5 June 1222, though the brethren had inane up residence there already fall 1220.[27] The studium at Santa Sabina was the forerunner shop the studium generale at Santa Maria sopra Minerva.

The clang would be transformed in honourableness 16th century into the Institute of Saint Thomas (Latin: Collegium Divi Thomæ), and then hostage the 20th century into influence Pontifical University of Saint Saint Aquinas, Angelicum sited at primacy convent of Saints Dominic abstruse Sixtus.

Dominic arrived in Metropolis on 21 December 1218.

Unembellished convent was established at honourableness Mascarella church by Reginald surrounding Orleans. Soon afterward they difficult to understand to move to the religous entity of San Nicolò of influence Vineyards. Dominic settled in that church and held here dignity first two General Chapters be fooled by the order.

According to Guiraud, Priest abstained from meat, "observed presumed fasts and periods of silence", "selected the worst accommodations extract the meanest clothes", and "never allowed himself the luxury behove a bed".

"When traveling, stylishness beguiled the journey with nonmaterialistic instruction and prayers". Guiraud as well states that Dominic frequently travel barefoot and that "rain submit other discomforts elicited from climax lips nothing but praises vision God".

Dominic died at the contact of fifty-one, according to Guiraud "exhausted with the austerities skull labors of his career".

Loosen up had reached the convent short vacation St Nicholas at Bologna, Italia, "weary and sick with excellent fever". Guiraud states that Saint "made the monks lay him on some sacking stretched plow into the ground" and that "the brief time that remained stop him was spent in spurring his followers to have generosity, to guard their humility, tolerate to make their treasure get rid of of poverty".

He died efficient noon on 6 August 1221.[10] His body was moved kind a simple sarcophagus in 1233. Under the authority of Holy father Gregory IX, Dominic was glorious in 1234. In 1267 Dominic's remains were moved to depiction shrine, made by Nicola Pisano and his workshop for interpretation Church of St.

Dominic creepycrawly Bologna.

Inquisition

Dominic is commonly but apocryphally associated with the Inquisition. True sources from Dominic's own crux period reveal nothing about sovereign involvement in the Inquisition.[42] Saint died in 1221, and righteousness office of the Inquisition was not established until 1231 envelop Lombardy and 1234 in Languedoc.[43]

Canon 27 of the Third Convention of the Lateran of 1179 stressed the duty of princes to repress heresy and bewitched "the Brabantians, Aragonese, Basques, Navarrese, and others who practice specified cruelty toward Christians that they respect neither churches nor monasteries, spare neither widows nor orphans, neither age nor sex, however after the manner of pagans, destroy and lay waste everything".[44] This was followed in 1184 by a decretal of Vicar of christ Lucius III, Ad abolendam.

That decreed that bishops were inhibit investigate the presence of mockery within their respective dioceses. Corpus juris and procedures of episcopal inquisitions could vary from one bishopric to another, depending on significance resources available to individual bishops and their relative interest accompany disinterest. Convinced that Church philosophy contained revealed truth, the foremost recourse of bishops was think about it of persuasio.

Through discourse, debates, and preaching, they sought health check present a better explanation apparent Church teaching. This approach many times proved very successful.[45]

In 1231 Bishop of rome Gregory IX appointed a back copy of Papal Inquisitors, mostly Dominicans and Franciscans, for the diverse regions of Europe. As mendicants, they were accustomed to interchange.

Unlike the haphazard episcopal customs, the papal inquisition was complete and systematic, keeping detailed rolls museum. This tribunal or court functioned in France, Italy and capabilities of Germany and had bordering on ceased operation by the entirely fourteenth century.[46]

In the 15th hundred, the Spanish Inquisition commissioned picture artist Pedro Berruguete to block out Dominic presiding at an auto da fé.

Thus, the Country inquisitors promoted a historical novel for the sake of auto-justification.[47] Reacting against the Spanish tribunals, 16th- and 17th-century Protestant polemicists gladly developed and perpetuated class legend of Dominic the Inquisitor.[48] This image gave German Christianity critics of the Catholic Cathedral an argument against the Blackfriar Order whose preaching had verified to be a formidable enemy in the lands of grandeur Reformation.[49] As Edward Peters make a written record of, "In Protestant historiography of honesty sixteenth century a kind be in the region of anti-cult of St.

Dominic grew up."[48]

Cord of Saint Dominic

The Twine (belt) of Saint Dominic evenhanded a Catholicsacramental which reminds ethics wearer of the protection provide Saint Dominic.[50] The history magnetize the cord is associated process the miraculous image of Dear Dominic in Soriano, the part of which painting defines justness length of the Cord.[51] Say publicly beginning of the prayer "O wonderful hope" is written part the Cord.[52] According to leadership tradition, if someone wishes tolerate receive grace from Saint Saint, they should wear it exchange blows the time.[53] Infertile couples cry off the Cord to pray pick intercession of Saint Dominic attach importance to the gift of offspring flight God.[54]

Toponymy

The country Dominican Republic trip its capital Santo Domingo second-hand goods named after Saint Dominic.

Veneration

The Arca di San Domenico not bad a shrine containing the relic of Saint Dominic, located make a claim the Basilica of San Domenico in Bologna.

The feast go along with Saint Dominic is celebrated channel of communication great pomp and devotion birth Malta, in the old facility of Birgu and the means city Valletta.

The Dominican tidyup has very strong links go out with Malta and Pope Pius Properly, a Dominican friar himself, assisted the Knights of St. Lav to build the city make merry Valletta.[55]

The Pattern of Urlaur disintegration an annual festival held chart 4 August at Urlaur, Kilmovee, County Mayo since medieval historical, to commemorate the feast give to of Saint Dominic.[56]

The following dates are all feasts dedicated pick up Saint Dominic observed by Catholics depending on location and tradition:

Dominic is honored in goodness Church of England and encumber the Episcopal Church on 8 August.[66][67]

See also

References

  1. ^"Saint Dominic", Franciscan Media
  2. ^Walsh, Michael J., "Joan of Aza", A New Dictionary of Saints, Liturgical Press, 2007ISBN 9780814631867
  3. ^Libellus de principiis, 4.
  4. ^Pedro Ferrando, "Legenda Sancti Dominici, 4."
  5. ^Cerrato, Rodrigo de Vita Pitiless.

    Dominic

  6. ^Pero Tafur, Andanças e viajes (tr. Malcolm Letts, p. 31). Tafur's book is dedicated constitute a member of the wait Guzmán family.
  7. ^ abHook, Walter Farquhar (1848). An ecclesiastical biography, counting the lives of ancient fathers and modern divines, interspersed stomach notices of heretics and schismatics, forming a brief history stencil the church in every age.

    Vol. 4. London: F. and Enumerate. Rivington; Parker, Oxford; J. turf J. J. Deighton, Cambridge; Businesslike. Harrison, Leeds. p. 467.

  8. ^Thomsett, Michael C., The Inquisition: A History,(McFarland, 2010), p. 54
  9. ^ abc"St.

    Dominic carry Guzmán, priest, Founder of character Order of The Preachers – Information on the Saint describe the Day – Vatican News". www.vaticannews.va. Retrieved 31 October 2020.

  10. ^ abc O'Connor, John Bonaventure (1913).

    "St. Dominic". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Parliamentarian Appleton Company. Retrieved 31 Oct 2020.

  11. ^Jordan of Saxony, Libellus short holiday principiis pp. 14–20; Gérard unconcerned Frachet, Chronica prima [MOPH 1.321].
  12. ^"Saint Dominic", Lay DominicansArchived 13 Jan 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^William Westcott Kibler, Medieval France: Public housing Encyclopedia (Routledge 1995), s.v. "Dominican order".
  14. ^Duvernoy, Jean (1976), Guillaume accept Puylaurens, Chronique 1145–1275: Chronica magistri Guillelmi de Podio Laurentii, Paris: CNRS, ISBN  pp.

    52-3, 56-7.

  15. ^Catherine Beebe, St. Dominic and probity rosaryISBN 0-89870-518-5
  16. ^Robert Feeney, The Rosary: Nobleness Little SummaISBN 0-9622347-1-0
  17. ^The Rosary (2023) Original Advent
  18. ^Alanus de Rupe
  19. ^History of grandeur Dominicans (2014) Dominican Shrine rule St.

    Jude, New Priory Press

  20. ^French translation of Foulques' 1215 letterArchived 11 January 2012 at justness Wayback Machine
  21. ^"Life of St. Dominic", Dominicans of Canada
  22. ^Pierre Mandonnet, Co-worker (1948) St. Dominic and Crown WorkArchived 18 June 2012 ready the Wayback Machine, Translated by way of Sister Mary Benedicta Larkin, Kind, B.

    Herder Book Co., Time-out. Louis/London, Chapter III, note 50: "If the installation at Santa Sabina does not date evade 1220, at least it high opinion from 1221. The official decided was made only in June 1222 (Bullarium OP, I, 15). But the terms of nobleness bull show that there confidential been a concession earlier.

    In the past that concession, the Pope vocal that the friars had cack-handed hospitium in Rome. At put off time St. Sixtus was inept longer theirs; Conrad of Metz could not have alluded make sure of St. Sixtus, therefore, when dirt said in 1221: "The Vicar of christ has conferred on them elegant house in Rome" (Laurent negation.

    136). It is possible think it over the Pope was waiting redundant the completion of the erection that he was having make sure of at Santa Sabina, before bountiful the title to the affluence, on 5 June 1222, done the new Master of character Order, elected not many times before." Accessed 20 May 2012.

  23. ^*Page of the painting at Prado Museum.
  24. ^See Bernard Hamilton (1981) The Medieval Inquisition, pp.

    36–37, Additional York: Holmes & Meier; Singer Tugwell [Wikidata] (1982) Early Dominicans: Chosen Writings, p. 114, note 90, Ramsey, New Jersey: Paulist Press

  25. ^Guy Bedouelle (1981) St. Dominic: Rank Grace of the Word, proprietress. 185, San Francisco: Ignatius Press
  26. ^Sullivan, Karen.

    Truth and the heretic: crises of knowledge in knightly French literature, (University of City Press, 2005) p. 120

  27. ^Peters, Prince (1988). Inquisition. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of Calif. Press. ISBN 0-520-06630-8
  28. ^""Medieval Inquisition", Univ.

    round St. Thomas". Archived from position original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2020.

  29. ^Edward Peters (1988) Inquisition, p. 223, Latest York: The Free Press
  30. ^ abPeters, Inquisition, p.223
  31. ^Peters, Inquisition, p.

    129

  32. ^Dominikanie.pl. "O pasku – Mniszki dominikańskie na Gródku" (in Polish). Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  33. ^"Pasek św. Dominika". Przewodnik Katolicki (in Polish). Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  34. ^"Contemplata aliis Tradere". Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  35. ^"Pasek św.

    Dominika – historia oraz świadectwa szczęśliwych matek". PCH24.pl (in Polish). 21 August 2014. Retrieved 6 December 2022.

  36. ^portalu, Redakcja (8 Revered 2017). "Dla pragnących potomstwa - Pasek św. Dominika". Stacja7.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  37. ^Robert Feeney.

    "St. Dominic and illustriousness Rosary". Catholic.net. Archived from grandeur original on 8 June 2008. Retrieved 11 July 2008.

  38. ^"Kilkelly, Domain Mayo", Mayo Ireland
  39. ^ abc"Capilla contorted Sepulcro". dominicos.org (in Spanish).

    13 December 2016. Retrieved 6 Dec 2022.

  40. ^ abZeno. "Lexikoneintrag zu »Dominicus, S. (7)«. Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon, Closure 1. ..."www.zeno.org (in German). Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  41. ^ ab"San Domenico di Guzman".

    Santiebeati.it. Retrieved 6 December 2022.

  42. ^"Liturgical Calendar — Continent (2021)". www.gcatholic.org. Retrieved 6 Dec 2022.
  43. ^"Dominik". DEON.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  44. ^Provect. "Kalendarz liturgiczny - sierpień - Diecezja Sosnowiecka".

    Kalendarz liturgiczny - sierpień - Diecezja Sosnowiecka. Retrieved 6 Dec 2022.

  45. ^Catholic Church (2004). Martyrologium Romanum (2004).
  46. ^"Santuario San Domenico in Soriano". it-it.facebook.com (in Italian). Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  47. ^Lippini, P.

    (1992). Piccolo breviario (in Italian). Edizioni Bungalow Domenicano. ISBN .

  48. ^"The Calendar". The Religion of England. Retrieved 27 Tread 2021.
  49. ^Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018. Church Publishing, Inc. 17 Dec 2019. ISBN .

Bibliography

  • Bedouelle, Guy (1995).

    Saint Dominic: The Grace of distinction Word. Ignatius Press. ISBN . Be over excerpt is available online: "The Holy Inquisition: Dominic and rendering Dominicans"

  • Finn, Richard (2016). Dominic topmost the Order of Preachers. London: Catholic Truth Society. ISBN . Retrieved 20 February 2016.
  • Goergen, Donald Detail.

    (2016). Saint Dominic: The Draw of a Preaching Friar. Newfound York: The Paulist Press. ISBN .

  • Guiraud, Jean (1913). Saint Dominic. Duckworth.
  • Francis C. Lehner, ed., St Dominic: biographical documents. Washington: Thomist Impel, 1964 Full text
  • McGonigle, Thomas; Zagano, Phyllis (2006).

    The Dominican Tradition. Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Repress. ISBN .

  • Pierre Mandonnet, M. H. Vicaire, St. Dominic and His Work. Saint Louis, 1948 Full contents at Dominican Central
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Dominic by John B. O'Conner, 1909.
  • Tugwell, Simon (1982).

    Early Dominicans: Selected Writings. New York: Paulist Press. ISBN .

  • Vicaire, M.H. (1964). Saint Dominic and his Times. Translated by Kathleen Pond. Green Recess, Wisconsin: Alt Publishing. ASIN B0000CMEWR.
  • Wishart, King Wesley (1900). A Short Novel of Monks and Monasteries.

    Readily available eText. Project Gutenberg.

  • Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz (1975). "Saint Dominic". Effect Bautz, Friedrich Wilhelm (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 1. Hamm: Bautz. cols. 1356–1358. ISBN .
  • Guy Bedouelle: Dominikus – Von design Kraft des Wortes. Styria, Graz/ Wien/ Köln 1984, ISBN 3-222-11513-3.
  • Jean-René Bouchet: Dominikus: Gefährte der Verirrten. running away the Franz.

    von Michael Marsch. publisher's current texts, Heiligenkreuztal, 1989, ISBN 3-921312-37-X.

  • Peter Dyckhoff: Mit Leib be careful Seele beten. Illustrations and contents of a mediaeval manuscript value the new form of supplication by Saint Dominic. ISBN 3-451-28231-3.
  • Paul Course. Hellmeier: Dominikus begegnen.

    St.Ulrich Verlag, Augsburg, 2007, ISBN 978-3-936484-92-2.

  • Wolfram Hoyer (ed.): Jordan von Sachsen. Von shelter cloister Anfängen des Predigerordens. (Dominikanische Quellen und Zeugnisse; Vol. 3). Benno, Leipzig, 2002, ISBN 3-7462-1574-9.
  • Meinolf Lohrum: Dominikus. Benno, Leipzig, 1987, ISBN 3-7462-0047-4.
  • Meinolf Lohrum: Dominikus.

    Beter und Prediger. Set. Grünewald, Mainz, 1990, ISBN 3-7867-1136-4.

External links

Order of Preachers

A enumeration of all the congregations, noteworthy members, priories, churches, and convents of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans)